MASTECTOMY

A mastectomy is the surgical removal of breast tissue. It is done to remove all evidence of breast cancer. Since a mastectomy will not remove any microscopic (too small to be seen) cancer cells that may be beyond the removed area, additional treatments, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, may also be recommended. There are a few different types of mastectomies. During consultation your doctor will explain which mastectomy is being recommended for you and why.
A Simple Mastectomy

The surgery involves the removal of the entire breast, skin and nipple.
A Modified Radical Mastectomy

The surgery involves the removal of the entire breast, skin, lining over the chest muscles and the nipple. Some axillary (underarm) lymph nodes are also removed. This procedure helps to determine if the breast cancer has spread beyond the breast area to the lymph nodes.
A Radical Mastectomy

The surgery involves the removal of the entire breast, surrounding lymph nodes, chest wall muscles and fatty tissue.

How long will I be in the hospital?

Most patients are discharged from the hospital one to two days after surgery. If immediate breast reconstruction is performed, the hospital stay is usually four to five days.

How will I look and feel after the mastectomy?

The chest area will be flat, have a scar and no longer have a nipple. Initially, there will be some swelling and discomfort. Some drains will be in place for a few days to a week to collect fluid. The chest area may be numb and tingling. Removal of breast tissue can cause body weight to shift resulting in neck and back pain. If an axillary lymph node dissection is performed, lymphoedema (swelling of the arm), numbness and tingling of the underarm and arm, and muscle tightness of the underarm and shoulder may occur.

What are my options for re-creating my breast?

There are many issues to consider when deciding if and when you may want breast reconstruction. Some women prefer reconstruction surgery at the same time as their mastectomy, while others decide to wait because of the need for additional treatment. Medical considerations along with personal feelings lead ultimately to a decision that is best for you. Your doctors, nurses, counselors and family can help you make the choice with which you will be most comfortable.
After a mastectomy you may choose to wear a breast prosthesis. This is a soft form, shaped liked a breast, that is worn under a bra. Most forms are made of silicone or cotton and come in different sizes and weights. A proper fit is essential for your clothing fit, self-image, posture and body alignment, and comfort.

Recovery and Recuperation

You will need at least 48 hours to recover from the effect of general anaesthesia. You will tire easily to begin with, so it's important to take it easy and eat a balanced diet. If you need pain relief, you can take over-the-counter painkillers such as paracetamol etc.
While your wound is healing you shouldn't do strenuous exercise, lift heavy weights or make repetitive movements (eg ironing) with the arm on your affected side or drive. It's important to use your arm on the side of the operation to prevent it getting stiff, so you should continue to do the exercises recommended by your physiotherapist.
Your surgeon will also discuss any further treatment that you may need, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or hormone treatment.

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